God's Eternal Word

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ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ سُبْحَانَهُ الْمَقْسِمَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ لَقَوْلُ رَسُولٍ كَرِيمٍ

Then Allah mentioned what He swore upon, saying: 'Indeed, it is the word of a noble Messenger.'

وَهَذَا رَسُولُهُ الْبَشَرِيُّ مُحَمَّدٌ

And this is His human messenger, Muhammad.

وَفِي إِضَافَتِهِ إِلَيْهِ بِاسْمِ الرِّسَالَةِ أَبْيَنُ دَلِيلٍ أَنَّهُ كَلَامُ الْمُرْسِلِ

And in attributing it to him as a message is the clearest evidence that it is the speech of the sender.

فَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ أَنْ يَكُونَ اللَّهُ قَدْ تَكَلَّمَ بِالْقُرْآنِ فَقَدْ أَنْكَرَ حَقِيقَةَ الرِّسَالَةِ

So whoever denies that Allah spoke the Quran has denied the essence of the message.

وَلَوْ كَانَتْ إِضَافَتُهُ إِلَيْهِ إِضَافَةَ إِنْشَاءٍ وَابْتِدَاءٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ رَسُولًا

And if ascribing it to Him were an act of creation and origination, He would not be a messenger.

وَلَنَاقَضَ ذَلِكَ إِضَافَتُهُ إِلَى رَسُولِهِ الْمَلَكِيِّ فِي سُورَةِ التَّكْوِيرِ

And this would contradict attributing it to His angelic messenger in Surah At-Takwir.

ثُمَّ بَيَّنَ سُبْحَانَهُ كِذْبَ أَعْدَائِهِ وَبُهْتَهُمْ فِي نِسْبَةِ كَلَامِهِ تَعَالَى إِلَى غَيْرِهِ

Then Allah made clear the lies of His enemies and their falsehood in attributing His speech to others.

وَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ بِهِ بَلْ قَالَهُ مِنْ تِلْقَاءِ نَفْسِهِ

And that He did not speak it, but rather he said it from himself.

كَمَا بَيَّنَ كِذْبَ مَنْ قَالَ إِنْ هَذَا إِلَّا قَوْلُ الْبَشَرِ

Just as He exposed the lie of those who said: 'This is only the speech of a human.'

فَمَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ قَوْلُ الْبَشَرِ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ وَسَيُصْلِيهِ اللَّهُ سَقَرَ

So whoever claims that it is the speech of a human has disbelieved, and Allah will punish him in Hell.

ثُمَّ أَخْبَرَ سُبْحَانُهُ أَنَّهُ تَنْزِيلٌ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَذَلِكَ يَتَضَمَّنُ أُمُورًا

Then Allah informed that it is a revelation from the Lord of the worlds, which entails several things:

أَحَدُهَا أَنَّهُ تَعَالَى فَوْقَ خَلْقِهِ كُلِّهِمْ

One of them is that He, exalted be He, is above all His creation.

وَأَنَّ الْقُرْآنَ نَزَلَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ

And the Quran descended from Him.

وَالثَّانِي أَنَّهُ تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ حَقِيقَةً لِقَوْلِهِ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ

The second is that He truly spoke it because He said: 'From the Lord of the worlds.'

وَلَوْ كَانَ غَيْرُهُ هُوَ الْمُتَكَلِّمُ بِهِ لَكَانَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْغَيْرِ

And if another had spoken it, it would have been from that other.

وَنَظِيرُ هَذَا قَوْلُهُ وَلَكِنْ حَقَّ الْقَوْلُ مِنِّي

And similar to this is His saying: 'But the word from Me is truth.'

وَنَظِيرُهُ قَوْلُهُ قُلْ نَزَّلَهُ رُوحُ الْقُدُسِ مِنْ رَبِّكَ بِالْحَقِّ

And similarly, His saying: 'Say: The Holy Spirit has brought it down from your Lord in truth.'

وَقَوْلُهُ تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ

And His saying: 'The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Mighty, the Wise.'

وَقَوْلُهُ تَنْزِيلٌ مِنْ حَكِيمٍ حَمِيدٍ

And His saying: 'A revelation from the Wise, the Praiseworthy.'

وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ اللَّهِ فَلَيْسَ بِمَخْلُوقٍ

And what is from Allah is not created.