Ten Proofs of Resurrection

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ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الأَمْرَ المُسْتَدَلَّ عَلَيْهِ وَالمَعَادَ بِقَوْلِهِ إِنَّهُ عَلَى رَجْعِهِ لَقَادِرٌ

Then, the matter being inferred and returned to is mentioned by His saying, 'Indeed, He is Able to bring him back.'

أَيْ عَلَى رَجْعِهِ إِلَيْهِ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ كَمَا هُوَ قَادِرٌ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ مِن مَاءٍ هَذَا شَأْنُهُ

Meaning, bringing him back to Him on the Day of Resurrection, as He is able to create him from water of this nature.

هَذَا هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ فِي مَعْنَى الآيَةِ

This is the correct interpretation of the verse.

وَفِيهَا قَوْلَانِ ضَعِيفَانِ

And there are two weak opinions regarding it.

أَحَدُهُمَا قَوْلُ مُجَاهِدٍ عَلَى رَدِّ المَاءِ فِي الإِحْلِيلِ لَقَادِرٌ

One of them is the opinion of Mujahid that He is able to return water into the urethra.

وَالثَّانِي قَوْلُ عِكْرِمَةَ وَالضَّحَّاكِ عَلَى رَدِّ المَاءِ فِي الصَّلْبِ

And the second is the opinion of Ikrimah and Ad-Dahhak that He is able to return water into the backbone.

وَفِيهِ قَوْلٌ ثَالِثٌ قَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ إِنْ شِئْتَ رَدَدْتَهُ مِنَ الكِبَرِ إِلَى الشَّبَابِ وَمِنَ الشَّبَابِ إِلَى الصِّبَا إِلَى النُّطْفَةِ

And there is a third opinion by Muqatil, who said that if He wills, He can return him from old age to youth, from youth to childhood, and to the sperm-drop.

وَالْقَوْلُ الصَّوَابُ هُوَ الأَوَّلُ لِوُجُوهٍ

And the correct opinion is the first one for several reasons.

أَحَدُهُمَا أَنَّهُ هُوَ المَعْهُودُ مِن طَرِيقَةِ القُرْآنِ مِنَ الاِسْتِدْلَالِ بِالمَبْدَأ عَلَى المَعَادِ

One is that it is the established method in the Quran to infer the resurrection from the creation.

الثَّانِي أَنَّ ذَلِكَ أَدَلُّ عَلَى المَطْلُوبِ مِنَ القُدْرَةِ عَلَى رَدِّ المَاءِ فِي الإِحْلِيلِ

The second is that it demonstrates the desired conclusion more effectively than the ability to return water into the urethra.

الثَّالِثُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَأْتِ لِهَذَا المَعْنَى فِي القُرْآنِ نَظِيرٌ فِي مَوْضِعٍ وَاحِدٍ وَلَا أَنْكَرَهُ أَحَدٌ حَتَّى يُقِيمَ سُبْحَانَهُ الدَّلِيلَ عَلَيْهِ

The third is that there is no counterpart to this meaning in any part of the Quran, nor has anyone denied it to necessitate that God establishes evidence for it.

الرَّابِعُ أَنَّهُ قَيَّدَ الفِعْلَ بِالظَّرْفِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ يَوْمَ تُبْلَى السَّرَائِرُ

The fourth is that He specified the action with a time, which is His saying, 'The Day when secrets will be put to trial.'

وَهُوَ يَوْمُ القِيَامَةِ أَيْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَادِرٌ عَلَى رَجْعِهِ إِلَيْهِ حَيًّا فِي ذَلِكَ اليَوْمِ

And it is the Day of Resurrection, meaning that God is able to bring him back to Him alive on that day.

الخَامِسُ أَنَّ الضَّمِيرَ فِي رَجْعِهِ هُوَ الضَّمِيرُ فِي قَوْلِهِ فَمَا لَهُ مِنْ قُوَّةٍ وَلَا نَاصِرٍ

The fifth is that the pronoun in 'bring him back' is the same pronoun in His saying, 'So he has no strength or helper.'

وَهَذَا لِلْإِنْسَانِ قَطْعًا لَا لِلْمَاءِ

And this is clearly for the human, not for the water.

السَّادِسُ أَنَّهُ لَا ذِكْرَ لِلْإِحْلِيلِ حَتَّى يَتَعَيَّنَ كَوْنُ المَرْجِعِ إِلَيْهِ

The sixth is that there is no mention of the urethra to justify that it is the referred object.

فَلَوْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ عَلَى رَجْعِهِ إِلَى الفَرْجِ الَّذِي صُبَّ فِيهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ فَرْقٌ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ هَذَا القَوْلِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ أَوْلَى مِنْهُ

So if someone were to say regarding his return to the outlet into which it was poured, there would be no difference between this and that statement, and it would not be more appropriate than it.

السَّابِعُ أَنَّ رَدَّ المَاءِ إِلَى الإِحْلِيلِ أَو الصَّلْبِ بَعْدَ خُرُوجِهِ مِنْهُ غَيْرُ مَعْرُوفٍ وَلَا هُوَ أَمْرٌ مُعْتَادٌ جَرَتْ بِهِ القُدْرَةُ وَإِنْ كَانَ مَقْدُورًا لِلرَّبِّ تَعَالَى

The seventh is that returning water to the urethra or backbone after it has departed is neither known nor a usual occurrence allowed by power, even if it is something the Lord Almighty can do.

ولكن هو لم يجره ولم تجر به العادة ولا هو مما تكلم الناس فيه نفيًا أو إثباتًا

But it has not occurred, nor is it customary, and it is not something people have discussed, either in negation or affirmation.

وَمِثْلُ هَذَا لَا يُقَرِّرُهُ الرَّبُّ وَلَا يَسْتَدِلُّ عَلَيْهِ وَيُنَبِّهُ عَلَى مُنْكِرِيهِ

And such a thing the Lord would not establish, nor use as evidence, nor call attention to those who deny it.

وهو سبحانه إنما يستدل على أمر واقع ولا بد إما قد وقع ووجد أو سيقع

And He, glorified be He, uses evidence only for an actual matter that must have either already occurred or will occur.

فَإِنْ قِيلَ فَقَدْ قَالَ تَعَالَى أَيَحْسَبُ الإِنْسَانُ أَلَّنْ نَجْمَعَ عِظَامَهُ بَلَى قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ

Then if it is said, Allah, the Exalted, stated: 'Does man think that We will not assemble his bones? Yes, We are able to proportion his fingertips.'

أَي نَجْعَلَهُ كَخُفِّ البَعِيرِ

Meaning, We will make it like the camel's hoof.

قِيلَ هَذِهِ أَيْضًا فِيهَا قَوْلَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا هَذَا

It is said that there are two opinions on this matter, one of which is this.

وَالثَّانِي وَهُوَ الأَرْجَحُ أَنَّ تَسْوِيَةَ بَنَانِهِ إِعَادَتُهَا كَمَا كَانَتْ بَعْدَ مَا فَرَّقَهَا البِلَى فِي التُّرَابِ

And the second, which is more likely, is that restoring his fingertips refers to making them as they were after decay had dispersed them in the dust.

الثَّامِنُ أَنَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ دَعَا الإِنْسَانَ إِلَى النَّظَرِ فِيمَا خُلِقَ مِنْهُ لِيَرُدَّهُ عَنْ تَكْذِيبِهِ بِمَا أَخْبَرَ بِهِ

The eighth point is that He, glorified be He, invited humans to reflect on what He created them from to dissuade them from denying what He informed them of.

وَهُوَ لَمْ يُخْبِرْهُ بِقُدْرَةِ خَالِقِهِ عَلَى رَدِّ المَاءِ فِي إِحْلِيلِهِ بَعْدَ مُفَارَقَتِهِ لَهُ

And He did not inform him of his Creator's ability to return the water to his urethra after it has departed from it.

حَتَّى يَدْعُوَهُ إِلَى النَّظَرِ فِيمَا خُلِقَ مِنْهُ لِيَسْتَقْبِحَ مِنْهُ صِحَّةَ إِمْكَانِ رَدِّ المَاءِ

So that He might invite him to reflect on what he was created from, deeming the possibility of water's return improbable.

التَّاسِعُ أَنَّهُ لَا ارْتِبَاطَ بَيْنَ النَّظَرِ فِي مَبْدَأِ خَلْقِهِ وَرَدِّ المَاءِ فِي الإِحْلِيلِ بَعْدَ خُرُوجِهِ

The ninth point is that there is no connection between reflecting on the origin of his creation and the return of the water to the urethra after it has exited.

وَلَا تَلَازُمَ بَيْنَهُمَا حَتَّى يَجْعَلَ أَحَدُهُمَا دَلِيلًا عَلَى إِمْكَانِ الآخَرِ

And there is no necessary relationship between them to make one a proof of the possibility of the other.

بِخِلَافِ الِارْتِبَاطِ الَّذِي بَيْنَ المَبْدَأِ وَالمَعَادِ وَالخَلْقِ الأَوَّلِ وَالخَلْقِ الثَّانِي وَالنَّشْأَةِ الأُولَى وَالنَّشْأَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ

Unlike the connection between the origin and the resurrection, the first creation and the second creation, and the first life and the second life.

فَإِنَّهُ ارْتِبَاطٌ مِنْ وُجُوهٍ عَدِيدَةٍ وَيَلْزَمُ مِنْ إِمْكَانِ أَحَدِهِمَا إِمْكَانُ الآخَرِ

For it is a connection in many aspects, and the possibility of one necessitates the possibility of the other.

وَمِنْ وُقُوعِهِ صِحَّةُ وُقُوعِ الآخَرِ فَحُسْنُ الِاسْتِدْلَالِ بِأَحَدِهِمَا عَلَى الآخَرِ

And from the occurrence of one, the validity of the other follows, making it reasonable to use one as evidence for the other.

العَاشِرُ أَنَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ نَبَّهَ بِقَوْلِهِ إِنْ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ لَمَّا عَلَيْهَا حَافِظٌ عَلَى أَنَّهُ قَدْ وَكَّلَ عَلَيْهِ مَنْ يَحْفَظُ عَلَيْهِ عَمَلَهُ وَيُحْصِيهِ فَلَا يَضِيعُ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ

The tenth point is that He, glorified be He, emphasized by saying, ‘Indeed, every soul will have a guardian over it,’ indicating that He has appointed someone to safeguard and account for its deeds, and nothing will be lost from them.

ثُمَّ نَبَّهَ بِقَوْلِهِ إِنَّهُ عَلَى رَجْعِهِ لَقَادِرٌ عَلَى بَعْثِهِ لِجَزَائِهِ عَلَى العَمَلِ الَّذِي حُفِظَ وَأُحْصِيَ عَلَيْهِ

Then He emphasized by saying, 'Indeed, He is Able to bring him back,' referring to His ability to resurrect him for recompense for the deeds that were preserved and accounted for.

فَذَكَرَ شَأْنَ مَبْدَأِ عَمَلِهِ وَنِهَايَتَهُ فَمَبْدَؤُهُ مَحْفُوظٌ عَلَيْهِ وَنِهَايَتُهُ الجَزَاءُ عَلَيْهِ

And He mentioned the significance of the beginning and end of his deeds; the beginning is preserved for him, and the end is recompense for him.