جَارِيَةٌapply

Example sentences

• وأحكام البشرية جارية عليه من الغفلة والسهو، والذهول وغلبة الطبع

  and the laws of humanity apply to him, including forgetfulness, error, distraction, and the dominance of nature.

  جَارِيَةٌ — apply. An active participle 'running / in force', the predicate, indefinite nominative agreeing as feminine with 'laws' — 'are in effect'. Arabic uses a participle here where English uses a plain verb 'apply'.

  From: Repelling the Devil →

• وَكَانَ الْفُضَيْلُ بْنُ عِيَاضٍ يَقُولُ إِنِّي لَأَعْصِيَ اللَّهَ، فَأَعْرِفُ ذَلِكَ فِي خَلْقِ دَابَّتِي وَجَارِيَتِي

  Al-Fudayl ibn Iyad used to say: I do disobey God, and I perceive that in the nature of my mount and my female servant.

  وَجَارِيَتِي — and my female servant. A 'wa-' fused to a noun that carries a 'my' suffix, 'and my servant-girl'. The 'wa-' links this to 'my mount', pairing the two as the places the sin's effect appears, while the suffix marks the speaker as owner. It continues the 'of' chain governed by the earlier 'nature of'.

  From: Preparing for Death and Repentance →