Arabic vocabulary
How to say “if” in Arabic, with pronunciation and real example sentences from OpenArabic texts.
فمتى قَدَرَ على الماء قَبْلَ الدخول في الصلاة بَطَلَ تيممُه
If one can access water before starting the prayer, their Tayammum is void.
فَمَتَى — so when. The 'fa-' moves on, and 'when / whenever' sets a condition needing a case and a result. 'Whenever he can get water...' — it opens the scenario whose outcome ('his tayammum is void') comes later.
From: When Earth Replaces Water →ومتى كان الواعظ مثل الحسين والشيخ عبد القادر الجيلاني رحمهما الله تعالى انتفع به الناس
And when the preacher is like Al-Husayn and Sheikh Abdul Qadir Al-Jilani - may Allah have mercy on them - people benefit from him.
وَمَتَى — and when. Normally this word asks 'when?', but here it works as a conditional 'whenever', tying a recurring condition to its outcome. So it is not a question; it sets up 'every time the preacher is like X, then Y follows'. The 'wa-' links it onward.
From: Sincere Preaching →فإنك لا تدري متى يفجأك الأجل، فتندم حيث لا ينفع الندم
You don't know when the end will surprise you, so you'll regret when regret is of no use.
مَتَى — when. A question-word 'when' used here to open an indirect question: you do not know when. It frames the following clause as the unknown timing.
From: Seize the Days You Have →فإنك لا تدري متى يفجأك الأجل، فتندم حيث لا ينفع الندم
For indeed you do not know when your end may strike you, so you will regret when regret is of no use.
مَتَى — when. A question word asking about time. Here it heads an indirect question inside the larger sentence, setting up the clause about an unknown moment rather than forming a standalone question.
From: While You Still Can →فجعلت أن تقول متى تصديقًا لما أتى من الوعد يا فتى،
So she began to say, 'When will you believe what has come of the promise, O young man?'
مَتَى — when. This is the question word 'when', asking about time, and it stands at the front of the quoted speech as the opening of her question. Arabic places such question words first, so it cues the reader that a query about timing follows.
From: God's Promise of New Life →فَجَعَلَتْ أَنْ تَقُولَ مَتَى تَصْدِيقًا لِمَا أَتَى مِنَ الْوَعْدِ يَا فَتًى،
So she began to say, "When will there be confirmation of what has come of the promise, O young man?"
مَتَى — when. A question word asking about time, 'when', that opens the quoted speech. It heads its clause and colours the whole following statement as a question rather than a report, even though Arabic adds no helping verb the way English 'will there be' does.
From: On Birth and Its Timing →فَمَتَى يَسْمَعُ هَذَا أَوْ يَعْقِلُ أَوْ يَبْصُرُ أَوْ يَعْنِي عَنْهُ الْحَدِيثُ شَيْئًا ؟
So when will this one hear or understand or see, or will the hadith mean anything about him?
فَمَتَى — so when. Two pieces: the connector fa- giving a 'so', and a question word 'when'. So 'so when', the fa- tying the question to the indictment just laid out and the question word demanding a time, used here rhetorically to mean 'never'.
From: Humility Over Fame →فَإِنَّكَ مَتَى إِلْتَفَتَّ إِلَيْهِمْ أَخَذُوْكَ وَعَاقُوْكَ
For whenever you turn to them, they seize you and hold you back.
مَتَى — whenever. A time word 'whenever', introducing an open-ended condition: any time the first action happens, the second follows. It frames a general, repeatable rule rather than a single occasion. The verb it governs comes next, and the consequence after that.
From: Choosing Good Companions →فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَعْلَمُ مَتَى يَفْجَأُهُ أَمْرُ رَبِّهِ،
For he does not know when his Lord's command will suddenly overtake him.
مَتَى — when. A question word for time ('when') used here not as a real question but to open an embedded clause, 'when...', that becomes the object of 'he does not know'. So its job is to turn the following statement into the unknown thing, the timing he cannot foresee.
From: Preparing for Death and Repentance →وَلَا يَدْرِي مَتَى يُسْتَدْعَى
And he does not know when he will be summoned.
مَتَى — when. The same time question-word 'when', used here to embed a clause rather than to ask, turning 'when he will be summoned' into the object of 'he does not know'. Its role is to make the following statement the unknown matter, the moment of being called.
From: Preparing for Death and Repentance →فَمَتَى رَأَيْتَ مُعَاقِبًا؛ فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ لِذُنُوبٍ
So when you see someone being punished, know that it is because of sins.
فَمَتَى — so when. A 'fa-' fused to a conditional 'when/whenever'. The 'fa-' draws the conclusion of the foregoing argument, 'so then', while the 'when' word opens a general case whose result the speaker will give. Together they set up 'so whenever you see...', a rule the reader is told to apply.
From: Preparing for Death and Repentance →وَمَتَى رَأَيْتَ تَكْدِيرًا فِي حَالٍ،
And whenever you notice a disturbance in your state,
وَمَتَى — and whenever. A 'wa-' fused to a time-conditional 'whenever'. The 'wa-' links this to the counsel before it, while the 'whenever' word opens a general, recurring case, 'and any time that...'. It pairs with a command later to build 'whenever you notice X, do Y', a rule meant to apply on every occasion.
From: Preparing for Death and Repentance →الآن يسمع الجزء ونفسه تحدثه متى يرويه؟
Now he listens to the part and his self talks to him: When will he narrate it?
مَتَى — when. An interrogative 'when', opening the inner question his self poses. As a question word it stands first, fronting the asking about time - 'when will he relate it?'. It frames the rest as the content of his self-talk, a direct quoted question.
From: Sincere Worship →OpenArabic teaches words like مَتَى through real bilingual reading with native audio and spaced-repetition practice.
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