بَيْتٌHouse of in Arabic

Every night, seventy thousand angels descend from the sky to the earth, to the mosque of Bayt al-Maqdis.

بَيْتِ — the House of. bayt means 'house'; heading the next 'of…' word.

and carried it to his home,

بَيْتِهِ — his home. Genitive by the preposition before it, with the attached -hu 'his' naming the possessor, so 'his house'. The pronoun shows whose.

When he reached his home, he found all the molasses had spilled.

بَيْتِهِ — his home. Genitive by the preposition before it, with the attached -hu 'his' naming the possessor, 'his house'.

Abu Musa al-Ash'ari reported that he performed ablution in his house, then he went out.

بَيْتِهِ — his house. A noun fused with 'his', 'his house', the attached possessor naming the owner. One word holds both the place and 'his'.

The first example: a man went out of his house to pray.

بَيْتِهِ — his house. This noun carries -hu ('his') and is governed into the genitive by the preceding 'from', so it means 'out of his house'. The attached possessor reaches back to the man just introduced, tracking who owns the house. One Arabic word gives the English 'his house'.

And give the obligatory charity, fast during Ramadan, and perform the pilgrimage to the House if you are able to find a way to it.

الْبَيْتَ — the House. The definite object of the pilgrimage verb, marked with al- ('the') and in the accusative as the destination acted upon. It names the specific place the pilgrimage is directed at. The accusative ending shows it is the goal of the verb, not its doer.