عَلَيْهِمْon them

Example sentences

• ولكن لا أجد سعة فأحملهم ولا يجدون سعة عليهم أن يتخلفوا عني،

  but I do not find the means to provide mounts for them, nor do they find the means to go out on their own,

  عَلَيْهِمْ — to enable them. This is the preposition 'upon' fused with 'them', 'upon them', marking the burden as resting on those men, 'it is hard upon them to...'. The preposition governs the attached plural pronoun; the suffix points to the men.

  From: Paradise for Those Who Strive →

• فَصَدَّقَ عَلَيْهِمْ إِبْلِيسُ ظَنُّهُ فَاتَّبَعُوهُ

  So Satan's suspicion about them proved true, and they followed him.

  عَلَيْهِمْ — about them. A preposition 'upon/about' fused to a 'them' pronoun, 'about them / against them', marking whom the suspicion concerned. The attached pronoun points back to the misled people. It links the proving-true to those it fell upon.

  From: Finding the Prophet's Way →

• عَمَّا خُفِيَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ مَعْنًى،

  about meanings that were hidden from them,

  عَلَيْهِمْ — on them. The preposition 'on/upon' fused onto -him ('them'), meaning 'upon them' — the ones from whom the meaning was hidden. With this verb the preposition marks the people something is concealed against. The -him points back to the Companions, naming whose understanding was blocked.

  From: How the Companions Preserved Hadith →

• وَمَا أُسْتُشْكِلَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ مَرَادٍ،

  and whatever intended meaning was unclear to them,

  عَلَيْهِمْ — to them. The preposition 'on/upon' fused onto -him ('them'), meaning 'to them' — those who found the matter obscure. With this verb the preposition marks the people for whom the difficulty arose. The -him points back to the Companions, naming whom the problem troubled.

  From: How the Companions Preserved Hadith →

• فَسَدَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ الْغَارَ،

  Then the cave was sealed over them.

  عَلَيْهِمْ — over them. A preposition fused with an attached plural 'them' pronoun, 'over them'. The preposition marks the trapped men as the ones the sealing closed on, so one word delivers both the relation and whom it affected.

  From: Trapped and Delivered →

• ثُمَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَتَحَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ،

  Then indeed Allah opened it for them,

  عَلَيْهِمْ — upon them. The preposition 'upon' fused with -hum, 'them', the people; here it marks them as the ones for whom the opening came about, the beneficiaries the conquest fell to. The glued pronoun-plus-preposition names whose favor it was.

  From: The Martyr's Reward →

• فَلَمَّا أَمْسَى النَّاسُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي فُتِحَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْقَدُوا نِيرَانًا كَثِيرَةً

  When evening fell on the day that had been opened to them, the people kindled many fires.

  عَلَيْهِمْ — to them. The preposition 'upon' fused with -hum, 'them', the people; here it marks them as the ones to whom the place was opened, the beneficiaries of the conquest. The glued pronoun-plus-preposition names whose favor it fell to.

  From: The Martyr's Reward →

• نَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ نُزُولَ الضَّيْفِ عَلَى أَقْوَامٍ لِئَامٍ،

  A visitation came upon them, the arrival of the guest among mean-spirited people.

  عَلَيْهِمْ — upon them. A preposition fused with -him ('them') to mean 'upon them'. The base word marks them as the ones the visitation descended ONTO, the recipients of the action. The attached plural pronoun identifies who, all carried in a single word.

  From: Ignoring God's Guidance →

• وَأَنَّهُمْ هُمْ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالصِّدِّيقِينَ وَالشُّهَدَاءِ وَالصَّالِحِينَ وَحَسُنَ أُولَئِكَ رَفِيقًا،

  And that they are those on whom Allah has bestowed favor: the Prophets, the truthful, the martyrs, and the righteous. Those are excellent companions.

  عَلَيْهِمْ — upon them. A preposition meaning 'on/upon' fused with the attached -hum ('them'). It marks 'them' as the recipients on whom the favour lands, completing the verb's reach: the favour goes from the named subject onto this group. The preposition forces the attached pronoun into the form a governed word takes, which is why it reads as one tight unit.

  From: Choosing Good Companions →

• وَهُمْ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ،

  And they are those upon whom Allah has bestowed favor,

  عَلَيْهِمْ — upon them. The preposition 'upon' fused with -hum ('them'), naming the recipients onto whom the favour falls and closing the relative clause. The preposition pulls the attached pronoun into its governed form, so the two read as one unit. One Arabic word thus carries the English 'upon them'.

  From: Choosing Good Companions →

• وَلِيَعْلَمَ أَنَّ رَفِيقَهُ فِي هَذَا الصِّرَاطِ هُمْ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ،

  And let him know that his companions on this path are those whom God has favored.

  عَلَيْهِمْ — on them. The preposition 'upon' fused with -hum ('them'), naming the recipients and closing the relative clause. The preposition pulls the attached pronoun into its governed form, so the pair reads as one word. It carries the English 'upon them' in a single Arabic unit.

  From: Choosing Good Companions →

• وَكَانَ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ يَدْخُلُونَ عَلَيْهِ، وَيَسْتَمِعُونَ مِنْهُ، وَيُمْلِي عَلَيْهِمْ،

  Some people would visit him, listen to him, and he would dictate to them.

  عَلَيْهِمْ — to them. The preposition 'ala ('to/onto') joined to the plural pronoun -him ('them'). With a verb of dictating, 'ala marks them as the recipients the words are handed down to. The plural ending tracks back to the visitors, not the single central figure, so reading the right referent is part of parsing the line.

  From: An Exiled Scholar's Trials →

• إِنَّ عِبَادِي لَيْسَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِمْ سُلْطَانٌ

  Indeed, My servants, you have no authority over them.

  عَلَيْهِمْ — over them. A preposition ('over') with '-hum' ('them') fused on, giving 'over them'. The '-hum' points back to God's servants, and the phrase marks them as those the (denied) authority would have been exercised over.

  From: Seeking Refuge from the Devil →

• كَأَنَّهُ يَقُولُ إِنْ كَانَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ تَلَاقِيَهُمْ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ

  It is as if he is saying that if you had power over them to cast them into disobedience to God.

  عَلَيْهِمْ — over them. A preposition ('over') with '-hum' ('them') fused on, giving 'over them'. The '-hum' points back to the servants, marking them as those the hypothetical authority would be wielded over.

  From: Seeking Refuge from the Devil →

• وَإِنْ سَهُلَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ الصَّلَاةُ، فَعَلُوهَا،

  And if the prayer is made easy for them, they perform it.

  عَلَيْهِمْ — on them. A preposition, 'on/upon', with a 'them' pronoun clipped onto its end, so one word means 'on them'. Here it marks the people for whom the prayer is or is not made easy, the beneficiaries of the action. The suffix tracks the same heedless group under discussion.

  From: Preparing for Death and Repentance →

• فَكَفَرُوا مَا أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ

  So they denied what God had bestowed upon them.

  عَلَيْهِمْ — upon them. A preposition, 'upon', with a 'them' suffix fused on, 'upon them'. With the verb 'bestowed' it marks the recipients of the favours, so it names who received what God gave. The suffix points back to the people of Sheba, the very ones who then denied it.

  From: Sheba's Garden and Destruction →

• عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْهَا لِبَاسٌ يُعْرَفُونَ بِهِ مِنَ السَّكِينَةِ وَالْخُشُوعِ،

  Upon them from it is a garment by which they are known for calmness and reverence.

  عَلَيْهِمْ — upon them. This is the preposition 'upon' with -him, the 'them' plural pronoun, fused to its end, so one word means 'upon them'. It opens the sentence as a fronted location phrase, an 'on them there is...' construction where the existing thing comes later. The preposition governs the attached plural pronoun.

  From: Under God's Shield →