إِبْنُ the son in Arabic

الَّتِي فِيهَا إِبْنُ صَيَّادٍ وَهُوَ يَخْتِلُ

in which Ibn Sayyad was present and he was strutting.

ابْنُ the son

The 'son of' head of a name-chain, here standing as the subject inside the relative clause. It leans onto the following name to finish the identification and owns it, binding the two into one patronymic.

From A Night with the Companions

ثُمَّ قَالَ أَفِي الْقَوْمِ إِبْنُ أَبِ قُحَافَةِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ،

Then he said, "Is the son of Abu Quhafa among the people?" three times.

ابْنُ the son

A noun 'son' opening an 'of' pairing, the start of 'son of Abu Quhafa'; here it stands as the subject of the nominal question, so it takes the subject ending. It is owned by the name-unit that follows.

From A Companion at Battle

تَعَرَّضَ إِبْنُ الْجَوْزِيِّ فِي شَيْخُوخَتِهِ لِمِحْنَةٍ قَاسِيَةٍ

In his old age, Ibn al-Jawzi was subjected to a severe trial.

إِبْنُ Ibn

A noun 'son (of)' that is the first half of a name-construct, the doer who underwent the trial. As the first member of an 'of' pairing it waits for the following name and gives up its own article to it.

From An Exiled Scholar's Trials

فَكَتَبَ إِبْنُ الْقَصَّابِ إِلَى الْخَلِيفَةِ النَّاصِرِ،

So Ibn al-Qassab wrote to the caliph al-Nasir,

إِبْنُ Ibn

A noun 'son (of)' beginning a name-construct as the subject (writer), so it wears the subject ending; it is the first half of an 'of' name-pair waiting for the following name and giving up its own article to it.

From An Exiled Scholar's Trials

لَقَدْ إِبْتَدَأَ إِبْنُ الْجَوْزِيِّ فِي التَّصْنِيفِ وَلَهُ مِنَ الْعُمْرِ سَبْعَ عَشَرَ سَنَةً؛

Ibn al-Jawzi began compiling works when he was seventeen years old.

إِبْنُ son

The 'son of' head of a name-chain, meaningful only with the name that follows it. It grammatically owns that following name and the two read as one naming unit; here it introduces the man who is the doer of 'began'.

From A Life of Reading and Writing

مِنْهُمْ إِبْنُهُ عَبْدُ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلَّذِي مَاتَ مَسْمُومًا بِالْمَوْصِلِ،

Among them was his son Abd al-Aziz, who died after being poisoned in Mosul,

إِبْنُهُ his son

A noun with an attached possessor stuck on its end, so the ownership is built into the single word rather than shown with a separate possessive. The attached owner reaches back to the father who is the subject of the passage, not to any nearer name. The next words then rename this son.

From Sermons, Wit, and Sorrow

قَالَ إِبْنُ عَبَّاسِ

Ibn Abbas said.

إِبْنُ son of

This word means 'son of' and sits between a person and his father, forming a lineage pairing: the name after fills in whose son. As the front half of that pairing it is in the governed form here. Arabic builds a lineage by linking two names with this bare 'son-of', no separate 'of'.

From Stories of Prophetic Judgments

فَقَالَ هُوَ إِبْنُكِ

So he said, "He is your son."

ابْنك your son

A noun 'son' with a tail pronoun 'your' welded on, and that possessor is specifically the feminine 'your', so it addresses a woman. The feminine form of the tail is what tells you the listener is female, a detail carried only by that ending. So one word states both 'son' and that he belongs to her.

From Stories of Prophetic Judgments