أَوَّل first in Arabic
أَوَّل is how you say “first” in Arabic.
Root ا و ل a-w-l. adjective (elative-pattern noun/adjective denoting order). awwal.
Arabic
English
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Meaning of first in Arabic
- first, foremost (in time, order, or rank) the primary sense; Lane records grammarians deriving it from the root's sense 'to precede, go before', with an original form أَأْوَل
- preceding, former a nuance following directly from the root verb's sense of going before
Example sentence
أول منَازِل الْقَوْم ذِكر الله كثيرًا وتسبيحه بُكرةً وأَصِيلًا،
The first stage of the journey is frequent remembrance of God and glorifying Him morning and evening.
أَوَّلُ first
awwal means 'first'; the '-u' ending marks it as the subject, heading an 'of…' phrase with the next word ('the first of…').
The English is machine-translated.

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How it is used
Lane traces أَوَّل to the root verb آلَ in its sense 'to precede, go before, be first', noting its original form was likely أَأْوَل. It is also cited in the colloquial phrase العَشْرُ الأَوَّل ('the first/preceding ten [nights]'), showing its everyday use as an ordinal marker.
Words from the same root
- آلَ to return, revert; to result in or come to be (said of an affair)
- مَآلٌ outcome, result; the state a thing ultimately comes to
- إِيَالَةٌ rule, governance (of subjects)
- أَوْلٌ a returning, reverting (basic verbal noun of āla)
More example sentences
اثبت عند أول موجة، تتكشّف لك أرضٌ أرسخ تحت قدمك
Stand firm at the first wave, as a steadier ground will be revealed beneath your feet.
أَوَّلِ first
'awwal' = 'first'; first half of an 'of' phrase: 'the first of...'.
ومع كل فجرٍ جديد، اجعل نيتك أوّل عملك، وابتسم سرًّا حين تنتصر على نفسك في أمر صغير؛
With each new dawn, make your intention your first action, and smile secretly when you overcome yourself in a small matter.
أَوَّلَ first
'awwal' = 'first'; first half of an 'of' phrase: 'the first of...'. Object here.
فاجعل في كفّتك ما يثبت أمام الحقّ، لا ما يطير مع أول نفخة ريح
so place in your scale what stands firm before the truth, not what flies away with the first gust of wind.
أَوَّلِ first
'the first of', genitive after 'ma'a', head of an 'of' pairing with 'gust'.
وكذلك التشهد الأول،
And likewise the initial Tashahhud,
الْأَوَّلُ the initial
'the first', adjective on 'the tashahhud', definite nominative.
من أوّل من صلى مَعَه
Who was the first to pray with him?
أَوَّلُ first
A noun 'first', the predicate, nominative ('-u'), and first term of an 'of' pairing — 'the first of those who…'. It owns the relative that follows.
وأول من يسمعه رجل يلوط حوض إبله فيصعق ويصعق الناس،
And the first to hear it will be a man repairing the water basin for his camels, and he will fall unconscious along with the people,
وَأَوَّلُ and the first
This is 'and the first', heading a possessive — 'and the first OF [those] who hear it'. It is the nominative subject of a verbless sentence whose predicate ('a man') comes later. It owns the relative clause to follow.
وإن أمتكم هذه جعل عاقبتها في أولها،
And indeed, this nation of yours has been granted its well-being in its beginning.
أَوَّلِهَا its beginning
This is 'first/beginning' with 'its' attached, 'its beginning', in the form the preceding 'in' requires. The feminine suffix points back to the community; the word marks the early phase where the good outcome was set.
كما أقسم في أول السورة على حال الانسان في مبدئه ومعاده
As He swore at the beginning of the surah regarding the human condition in its beginning and end.
أَوَّلِ the beginning
A noun 'beginning of' that opens an 'of' pairing with the next word, held in the genitive by the preceding 'in'. As the possessed head it carries no 'the' of its own.
كما أقسم في أول السورة على حال الانسان في مبدئه ومعاده
Just as He swore at the beginning of the Surah concerning the state of humankind in their origin and return.
أَوَّلِ the beginning of
This noun 'beginning/first part' is the front of an 'of' pair, 'the beginning of the chapter', genitive after the preposition. It owns the noun after it and drops its own 'the', taking definiteness from the owner that follows.
بخلاف الارتباط الذي بين المبدأ والمعاد والخلق الأول والخلق الثاني والنشأة الأولى والنشأة الثانية
Unlike the connection between the origin and the resurrection, the first creation and the second creation, and the first life and the second life.
الأَوَّلِ the first
This is an ordinal carrying 'the', 'the first', built from the number one, describing the creation before it. As a following adjective it agrees in definiteness with that noun, so the two read together as 'the first creation'.
فإن برعت في الأصول وتوابعها من المنطق والحكمة والفلسفة، وآراء الأوائل ومجازات العقول،
So if you excel in the fundamentals and their appendages of logic, wisdom, philosophy, and the views of the ancients and the metaphors of minds,
الأَوَائِلِ the ancients
This noun, the ancients, is the owner half of the pairing, genitive and definite by 'al-', completing 'views of the ancients'. The chain's owner lends definiteness to the whole phrase.
الأول أن هذا الكتاب إنما وضع لذكر أخبار الأخيار،
The first is that this book was composed to mention the reports of the virtuous;
الأَوَّلُ the first
An ordinal word, 'the first', carrying the attached 'the', opening an enumerated list of points. It heads the sentence as the topic, 'the first of them is that...'.
كَانَ أَوَّلُ مَا بُدِئَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الرُّؤْيَا الصَّادِقَةَ فِي النَّوْمِ،
The first thing the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, experienced was the truthful dream during sleep.
أَوَّلُ first
This noun means the earliest item in a series and heads the 'of' pairing that follows, 'the first of what...'. It is the topic that the framing 'was' verb will eventually equate with the dream.
إذهبوا إلى نوح، فيأتون نوحا فيقولون يا نوح ، أنت أول الرسل إلى أهل الأرض، وقد سماك الله عبداً شكوراً،
Go to Noah, so they go to him and say: "O Noah, you are the first messenger to the people of the earth, and Allah has named you a grateful servant."
أَوَّلُ the first
A noun meaning 'first' serving as the predicate of the 'you are' sentence. It also heads a possessive pairing, owning the noun after it, so it sets up 'the first of the messengers' to be completed next.
أي فلينظر نظر الفكر والاستدلال ليعلم أن الذي ابتدأ أول خلقه من نطفة قادر على إعادته
Meaning, let him look with thought and reasoning to know that He who began his creation from a sperm-drop is able to resurrect him.
أَوَّلَ first of
The first noun of an 'of' pair, 'first', in the object form, heading 'the first of his creation' as the object of 'began'; it joins straight to the following noun for the 'of' link. The ending marks it as what was begun.
Common questions
- How do you say "first" in Arabic?
- أَوَّل (awwal).
- What root does أَوَّل come from, and what does it mean?
- It comes from the root ا و ل (a-w-l). Its verb آلَ (āla) means 'to return' and also 'to precede, go before' — the latter sense is what gives rise to أَوَّل, 'first'.
Related words
Definitions summarised from Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon (E. W. Lane, 1863–1893).