Creation Points to Resurrection

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ثُمَّ نَبَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ الإِنْسَانَ عَلَى دَلِيلِ المَعَادِ بِمَا يُشَاهِدُهُ مِنْ حَالِ مَبْدَئِهِ عَلَى طَرِيقَةِ القُرْآنِ فِي الاِسْتِدْلَالِ عَلَى المَعَادِ بِالمَبْدَأِ فَقَالَ فَلْيَنْظُرِ الإِنْسَانُ مِمَّ خُلِقَ

Then Allah, glory be to Him, reminds mankind of the evidence of the Resurrection through what they observe of their own creation's beginning, following the Quranic method of using the creation's origin as evidence for the Resurrection. He says, 'So let man observe from what he was created.'

أَي فَلْيَنْظُرْ نَظَرَ الفِكْرِ وَالاِسْتِدْلَالِ لِيَعْلَمَ أَنَّ الَّذِي ابْتَدَأَ أَوَّلَ خَلْقِهِ مِن نُطْفَةٍ قَادِرٌ عَلَى إِعَادَتِهِ

Meaning, let him look with thought and reasoning to know that He who began his creation from a sperm-drop is able to resurrect him.

ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الأَمْرَ المُسْتَدَلَّ عَلَيْهِ وَالمَعَادَ بِقَوْلِهِ إِنَّهُ عَلَى رَجْعِهِ لَقَادِرٌ

Then He mentioned the subject of inference and the Resurrection by saying, 'Indeed, He is able to bring him back.'

أَي عَلَى رَجْعِهِ إِلَيْهِ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ كَمَا هُوَ قَادِرٌ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ مِن مَاءٍ هَذَا شَأْنُهُ هَذَا هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ فِي مَعْنَى الآيَةِ

Meaning, He is capable of returning him to Him on the Day of Resurrection just as He is capable of creating him from water. This is the correct interpretation of the verse.

ثُمَّ نَبَّهَ بِقَوْلِهِ يَوْمَ تُبْلَى السَّرَائِرُ

Then He warns [with] His saying, 'On the Day when secrets will be put to trial.'

أَي تُخْتَبَرُ وَقَالَ مُقَاتِلُ تُظْهِرُ وَتَبْدُو وَبَلَوْتَ الشَّيْءَ إِذَا اخْتَبَرْتَهُ لِيَظْهَرَ لَكَ بَاطِنُهُ وَمَا خَفِيَ مِنْهُ

Meaning, they will be tested, and Muqatil said: they will appear and be revealed. You say you have tested something to uncover its hidden parts and what was concealed.

وَالسَّرَائِرُ جَمْعُ سَرِيرَةٍ وَهِيَ سَرَائِرُ اللَّهِ الَّتِي بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِهِ فِي ظَاهِرِهِ وَبَاطِنِهِ لِلَّهِ فَالإِيمَانُ مِنَ السَّرَائِرِ وَشَرَائِعُهُ مِنَ السَّرَائِرِ

Innermost matters is the plural of innermost matter; it refers to God's innermost matters that lie between Him and His servant, in both outward and inward aspects. Faith is among the innermost matters, and His laws are among the innermost matters.

فَتُخْتَبَرُ ذُلُّكَ الْيَوْمَ حَتَّى يَظْهَرَ خَيْرُهَا مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَمُؤَدِّيُهَا مِنْ مُضَيِّعِهَا وَمَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ مِمَّا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ

Then that humiliation will be tested that day until its good is revealed from its evil, its deliverer from its destroyer, and what was for God from what was not for Him.

وَفِي التَعْبِيرِ عَنْ الأَعْمَالِ بِالسِّرِّ لَطِيفَةٌ وَهُوَ أَنَّ الأَعْمَالَ نَتَائِجُ السَّرَائِرِ البَاطِنَةِ

And there is a subtle point in describing deeds as secret: deeds are the results of inward states.

فَمَنْ كَانَتْ سَرِيرَتُهُ صَالِحَةً كَانَ عَمَلُهُ صَالِحًا فَتَبْدُو سَرِيرَتُهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ نُورًا وَإِشْرَاقًا وَحَيَاءً وَمَنْ كَانَتْ سَرِيرَتُهُ

So whoever has a righteous inner state, his actions will be righteous; then his inner state appears on his face as light, radiance, and modesty, and whoever's inner state...

فَاسِدَةٌ كَانَ عَمَلُهُ تابعًا لِسَرِيرَتِهِ لَا اِعْتِبَارَ بِصُورَتِهِ فَتَبْدُو سَرِيرَتُهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ سَوَادًا وظلمة وَشَيْنًا

His deeds were corrupt, following his inner self; no regard was paid to his outward appearance, so his inner state appeared on his face as blackness, darkness, and ugliness.

وَإِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي يَبْدُو عَلَيْهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا إِنَّمَا هُوَ عَمَلُهُ لَا سَرِيرَتُهُ فَيَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ تَبْدُو عَلَيْهِ سَرِيرَتُهُ وَيَكُونُ الْحُكْمُ وَالظُّهُورُ لَهَا

If what appears about someone in this world is only his deeds and not his inner self, then on the Day of Resurrection his inner self will be revealed and the judgment and manifestation will be for it.