Required Remembrance

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وَأَيْضًا فَجَمَاهِيرُ العُلَمَاءِ عَلَى إِيجَابِ الثَّنَاءِ

Also, the majority of scholars mandate praise.

فَيُوجِبُونَ التَّشَهُّدَ الأخيرَ وَكَذَلِكَ التَّشَهُّدَ الأوَّلَ

They obligate the final tashahhud, as well as the first tashahhud.

يَجِبُ مَعَ الذِّكْرِ عِنْدَ مَالِكٍ وَأَحْمَدَ فَإِذَا تَرَكَهُ عَمْدًا بَطَلَتْ صَلاَتُهُ

It is obligatory with remembrance according to Malik and Ahmad; if he deliberately omits it, his prayer is invalidated.

وَتَسْبِيحُ الرُّكُوعِ وَالسُّجُودِ كَذَلِكَ أَيْضًا عِنْدَ أَحْمَدَ وَغَيْرِهِ

And the tasbih of bowing and prostration is likewise according to Ahmad and others.

وَكَذَلِكَ التَّكْبِيرُ تَكْبِيرُ الِانْتِقَالِ

Also, the takbir, the transition takbir.

فَمَذْهَبُ مَالِكٍ مَنْ تَرَكَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثًا عَمْدًا أَعَادَ الصَّلَاةَ

According to Malik, anyone who deliberately omits three of these must repeat the prayer.

وَمَذْهَبُ أَحْمَدَ مَشْهُورٌ عَنْهُ مُطْلَقًا

The famous opinion of Ahmad is categorical.

وَمَا يَذْكُرُهُ أَصْحَابُ أَحْمَدَ فِي مَسَائِلِ الْخِلَافِ إِنَّ إِيجَابَ هَذِهِ الأَذْكَارِ مِنْ مُفْرَدَاتِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الثَّلَاثَةِ

What Ahmad’s followers mention in matters of dispute is that mandating these remembrances is unique to Ahmad among the three.

فَذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ أَصْحَابَ مَالِكٍ يُسَمُّونَ هَذِهِ سُنَنًا

This is because Malik's followers call these sunnas.

وَالسُّنَّةُ عِنْدَهُمْ قَدْ تَكُونُ وَاجِبَةً إِذَا تَرَكَهَا أَعَادَ

And the sunna according to them could be obligatory if one omits it, they must repeat.

وَهَذِهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ

This is one of them.

فَيَظُنُّ مَنْ يَظُنُّ أَنَّ السُّنَّةَ عِنْدَهُمْ لَا تَكُونُ إِلَّا لِمَا يَجُوزُ تَرْكُهُ

Some might assume that according to them, a sunna is only what can be omitted.

وَلَيْسَ كَذَلِكَ

However, that is not the case.

وَأَمَّا الدُّعَاءُ فَلَمْ يَجِبْ مِنْهُ دُعَاءٌ مُفْرَدٌ أَصْلًا

As for supplication, no specific supplication is obligatory at all.

بَلْ مَا وَجَبَ مِنَ الْفَاتِحَةِ وَجَبَ بَعْدَ الثَّنَاءِ

However, the obligation of Al-Fatiha comes after the praise.

وَكَذَلِكَ مَنْ أَوْجَبَ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ بَعْدَ التَّشَهُّدِ بِالدُّعَاءِ المَأْمُورِ بِهِ هُنَاكَ وَهُوَ الاِسْتِعَاذَةُ مِنْ عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ وَالْقَبْرِ وَفِتْنَةِ المَحْيَا وَالمَمَاتِ وَالدَّجَّالِ

And likewise for those who obligate supplication after the tashahhud with the commanded supplication there, which is to seek refuge from the torment of Hell, the grave, the trials of life and death, and the Dajjal.

فَإِنَّمَا أَوْجَبَهُ بَعْدَ التَّشَهُّدِ الَّذِي هُوَ ثَنَاءٌ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ طَاوُوسَ وَوَجْهٌ فِي مَذْهَبِ أَحْمَدَ

It is only obligated after the tashahhud, which is praise, according to Tawus and in one view within Ahmad's school.