What Small Worship Erases

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وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ وَالْجُمْعَةُ إِلَى الْجُمْعَةِ وَرَمَضَانُ إِلَى رَمَضَانَ مَكَفِّرَاتٌ لِمَا بَيْنَهُنَّ إِذَا اجْتُنِبَتِ الْكَبَائِرُ

The Messenger of Allah said: The five prayers, Friday to Friday, and Ramadan to Ramadan are expiations for what is between them, if the major sins are avoided.

فَتَعَيَّنَ عَلَيْنَا الْفَحْصُ عَنِ الْكَبَائِرِ مَا هِيَ لِكَيْ يَجْتَنِبَهَا الْمُسْلِمُونَ

Therefore, it is necessary for us to investigate which are the major sins so that Muslims can avoid them.

فَ وَجَدْنَا الْعُلَمَاءَ رَحِمَهُمُ اللهُ تَعَالَى قَدْ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهَا فَ قِيلَ هِيَ سَبْعٌ وَاحْتَجُّوا بِقَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ اجْتَنِبُوا السَّبْعَ الْمُوبِقَاتِ

We found the scholars, may Allah have mercy on them, differed regarding them. It was said they are seven, citing the Prophet's saying: 'Avoid the seven destructive sins'.

فَ ذَكَرَ مِنْهَا الشِّرْكَ بِاللَّهِ وَالسِّحْرَ وَقَتْلَ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَأَكْلَ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ وَأَكْلَ الرِّبَا وَالتَّوَلِّيَ يَوْمَ الزَّحْفِ وَقَذْفَ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ الْغَافِلَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ

He mentioned among them: associating partners with Allah, sorcery, unjust killing, consuming the wealth of an orphan, usury, fleeing from the battlefield, and falsely accusing chaste, unaware, believing women - agreed upon by scholars.

وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ هِيَ إِلَى السَّبْعِينَ أَقْرَبُ مِنْهَا إِلَى السَّبْعِ

Ibn Abbas said: They are closer to seventy than to seven.

وَصَدَقَ وَاللَّهِ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَمَّا الْحَدِيثُ فَمَا فِيهِ حَصْرُ الْكَبَائِرِ

And by Allah, Ibn Abbas was correct. As for the Hadith, it does not limit the major sins.

وَالَّذِي يَتَّجِهُ وَيَقُومُ عَلَيْهِ الدَّلِيلُ

And that which is derived and supported by evidence

أَنَّ مَنِ ارْتَكَبَ شَيْئًا مِنْ هَذِهِ الْعَظَائِمِ

is that whoever commits something of these major sins

مِمَّا فِيهِ حَدٌّ فِي الدُّنْيَا كَ الْقَتْلِ وَالزِّنَا وَالسَّرِقَةِ

which have prescribed punishment in this world, such as killing, fornication, and theft,

أَوْ جَاءَ فِيهِ وَعِيدٌ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ عَذَابٍ أَوْ غَضَبٍ أَوْ تَهْدِيدٍ أَوْ لَعْنٍ فَاعِلِهِ عَلَى لِسَانِ نَبِيِّنَا مُحَمَّدٍ

or there is a warning in the Hereafter of torment, anger, threat, or cursing of its doer on the tongue of our Prophet Muhammad,

فَ إِنَّهُ كَبِيرَةٌ

then it is a major sin.

وَلَا بُدَّ مِنْ تَسْلِيمِ أَنَّ بَعْضَ الْكَبَائِرِ أَكْبَرُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ

And it must be acknowledged that some major sins are more severe than others.

أَلَا تَرَى أَنَّهُ عَدَّ الشِّرْكَ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ مَعَ أَنَّ مُرْتَكِبَهُ مُخَلَّدٌ فِي النَّارِ وَلَا يُغْفَرُ لَهُ أَبَدًا

Do you not see that He counted associating partners with Allah among the major sins, even though its doer will remain eternally in the Fire and will never be forgiven?

قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى إِنَّ اللهَ لَا يَغْفِرُ أَنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ

Allah the Exalted said: 'Indeed, Allah does not forgive associating partners with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills.'